(Exception: When the suffix starts with an "i": worry/worrying cry/crying.) When the "y" is preceded by a consonant, change the "y" to an "i" before adding a suffix: beauty/beautiful worry/worrisome.When the suffix begins with a consonant, keep the "e": like/likeness noise/noiseless use/useful.Then you keep the "e": service/serviceable courage/courageous.) (EXCEPT when the word ends with a "ce" or "ge" and you are adding "able" or "ous" to the word. When the suffix begins with a vowel, drop the "e": like/liking noise/noisy.When adding a suffix to a word, there are a few simple patterns that will help. If it retains the "ef" sound when pluralized, it keeps the "f" when spelled: safe /safes chef/chefs. To check if the word in question is an exception, say it out loud. Words ending in "f" or "fe" - generally, the plural of these words will end in "ves": life/lives leaf/leaves.Words ending in "s," "ch," "sh," or "x" - add an "es" to these words: fox/foxes dress/dresses wish/wishes latch/latches. Words ending in "y" - if if there is a consonant before the letter "y," change the "y" to an "ie" before adding an "s": candy/candies lady/ladies.Plurals - Generally, when pluralizing a word, just add an "s." The exceptions are:.Exceptions are almost all cases of two words being combined, such as "candlestick" or "seasick," so if you can separate an "ick" word into two separate words, then it is probably an exception. "ic" - When a word ends with an "ick" sound, it will be spelled "ick" if the word has one syllable (trick, pick, stick), and "ic" if it has two or more syllables (clinic, sarcastic, panic). But there are exceptions when the vowel sound created is an "A," which makes the entire mnemonic: I before E except after C, or when sounding in A as in neighbor or weigh. I before E - When a word contains an "ee" sound that is spelled with an I and an E, it almost always follows this rule you may remember from your childhood: I before E except after C.The focus instead is on connecting spoken language to writing.
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